🧩 Lesson 1: Countable and Uncountable Nouns
🎯 Learning Objectives
Setelah
pelajaran ini, siswa dapat:
- Membedakan countable dan uncountable
nouns
- Menggunakan some, any, a, an,
dan much/many dengan benar
- Mengungkapkan kebutuhan dan lokasi benda di
supermarket
🗂️ A. Countable Nouns
Definisi: Noun yang bisa
dihitung satu per satu.
Contoh:
- apple → one apple, two apples
- chair → a chair, three chairs
Ciri-ciri:
- Dapat memakai a/an atau angka.
- Dapat berbentuk plural (-s/-es).
Contoh
kalimat:
- I have an apple.
- She bought three books.
· Berikut tabel berisi 20 contoh Countable Nouns lengkap dengan bentuk tunggal, jamak, dan contoh kalimatnya 👇
🗂️ Countable Nouns (Dapat Dihitung)
No |
Singular
(Tunggal) |
Plural
(Jamak) |
Example
Sentence (Contoh Kalimat) |
1 |
apple |
apples |
I eat an apple every morning. |
2 |
book |
books |
She has many books in her room. |
3 |
chair |
chairs |
There are four chairs in the dining
room. |
4 |
car |
cars |
My father sells cars. |
5 |
dog |
dogs |
The dogs are barking loudly. |
6 |
pen |
pens |
I need two pens for my exam. |
7 |
student |
students |
The students are studying
English. |
8 |
teacher |
teachers |
Our school has five teachers. |
9 |
house |
houses |
They build new houses every year. |
10 |
table |
tables |
We bought two tables for the office. |
11 |
cup |
cups |
She washed three cups after lunch. |
12 |
bag |
bags |
I have two bags — one for school and
one for sports. |
13 |
friend |
friends |
He has many friends in his class. |
14 |
computer |
computers |
The computers are in the lab. |
15 |
picture |
pictures |
There are some pictures on the wall. |
16 |
shoe |
shoes |
I bought new shoes yesterday. |
17 |
bottle |
bottles |
We need five bottles of water. |
18 |
coin |
coins |
He found a few coins under the bed. |
19 |
city |
cities |
There are many beautiful cities in Europe. |
20 |
child |
children |
The children are playing in the
park. |
🧂 B.
Uncountable Nouns
Definisi: Noun yang tidak
bisa dihitung satu per satu karena bentuknya massa, zat, atau konsep.
Contoh:
- rice, water, sugar, milk, advice, money
Ciri-ciri:
- Tidak memakai a/an atau angka langsung.
- Tidak memiliki bentuk jamak.
- Gunakan kata pengukur (measure words) seperti a
bottle of, a cup of, a piece of, dll.
Contoh
kalimat:
- I need some water.
- There isn’t any sugar in the jar.
Berikut
tabel berisi 25 contoh 🧂 Uncountable Nouns lengkap
dengan kategori, arti, dan contoh kalimat agar mudah dipahami dan
diajarkan 👇
🧂 Uncountable
Nouns (Tidak Dapat Dihitung)
No |
Uncountable Noun |
Kategori |
Arti |
Example Sentence (Contoh Kalimat) |
1 |
water |
liquid |
air |
I drink a
glass of water every morning. |
2 |
rice |
food |
nasi |
We need some
rice for dinner. |
3 |
sugar |
food |
gula |
There
isn’t any sugar in the jar. |
4 |
milk |
liquid |
susu |
He buys a
bottle of milk every day. |
5 |
coffee |
drink |
kopi |
Would you
like some coffee? |
6 |
tea |
drink |
teh |
She makes a
cup of tea for her guest. |
7 |
bread |
food |
roti |
I had some
bread and butter for breakfast. |
8 |
cheese |
food |
keju |
We don’t
have much cheese left. |
9 |
butter |
food |
mentega |
Please
give me a little butter, please. |
10 |
meat |
food |
daging |
My mother
is cooking some meat. |
11 |
money |
abstract |
uang |
I don’t
have much money today. |
12 |
advice |
abstract |
nasihat |
He gave me
good advice about studying. |
13 |
information |
abstract |
informasi |
Can you
give me some information about the event? |
14 |
news |
abstract |
berita |
The news
is very surprising. |
15 |
furniture |
collective |
perabotan |
We need new
furniture for the living room. |
16 |
luggage |
collective |
bagasi |
The luggage
is too heavy for one person. |
17 |
homework |
activity |
pekerjaan
rumah |
I have a
lot of homework tonight. |
18 |
knowledge |
abstract |
pengetahuan |
Knowledge is more
valuable than gold. |
19 |
equipment |
collective |
perlengkapan |
The lab
doesn’t have enough equipment. |
20 |
air |
substance |
udara |
We need fresh
air in this room. |
21 |
sand |
material |
pasir |
There is a
lot of sand on the beach. |
22 |
music |
art |
musik |
I love
listening to classical music. |
23 |
traffic |
collective |
lalu
lintas |
The traffic
is very heavy this morning. |
24 |
weather |
natural |
cuaca |
The weather
is nice today. |
25 |
time |
abstract |
waktu |
We don’t
have much time left. |
📝 Catatan pengajaran:
- Gunakan kata pengukur (measure words) untuk
menjelaskan jumlahnya, misalnya:
- a
piece of advice, a bottle of water, a loaf of bread,
a cup of tea.
- Jangan tambahkan -s untuk bentuk jamak.
🧮 C.
Quantifiers
Untuk Countable |
Untuk Uncountable |
Keduanya |
many, a
few, several |
much, a
little |
some, any,
a lot of, lots of |
Contoh:
- There are many apples.
- There is a little milk.
- Do you have any rice?
Berikut
tabel berisi 30 contoh 🧮 Quantifiers — mencakup untuk countable nouns, uncountable
nouns, dan yang bisa digunakan untuk keduanya, lengkap dengan arti dan
contoh kalimatnya 👇
🧮 C.
Quantifiers (Kata Penunjuk Jumlah)
No |
Quantifier |
Jenis Noun |
Arti |
Example Sentence (Contoh Kalimat) |
1 |
many |
Countable |
banyak |
There are many
books on the shelf. |
2 |
a few |
Countable |
beberapa |
I have a
few friends in my class. |
3 |
several |
Countable |
beberapa |
He visited
several countries last year. |
4 |
few |
Countable |
sedikit
(tidak banyak) |
We have few
chairs for all the guests. |
5 |
each |
Countable |
setiap |
Each
student has a
notebook. |
6 |
every |
Countable |
setiap |
Every car in the
parking lot is new. |
7 |
a number
of |
Countable |
sejumlah |
A number
of people came to
the meeting. |
8 |
both |
Countable |
keduanya |
Both
students passed
the test. |
9 |
many of |
Countable |
banyak
dari |
Many of my
friends like
coffee. |
10 |
a couple
of |
Countable |
dua/beberapa |
I bought a
couple of pens yesterday. |
11 |
much |
Uncountable |
banyak |
There
isn’t much water left. |
12 |
a little |
Uncountable |
sedikit |
I have a
little sugar for your tea. |
13 |
little |
Uncountable |
sangat
sedikit |
We have little
time to finish this work. |
14 |
a great
deal of |
Uncountable |
banyak
sekali |
He has a
great deal of experience. |
15 |
a bit of |
Uncountable |
sedikit |
Can you
give me a bit of advice? |
16 |
plenty of |
Uncountable |
banyak
sekali |
There is plenty
of food for everyone. |
17 |
a large
amount of |
Uncountable |
sejumlah
besar |
They spent
a large amount of money on the project. |
18 |
no |
Uncountable |
tidak ada |
There is no
milk in the fridge. |
19 |
some |
Both |
beberapa /
sedikit |
I need some
apples and some rice. |
20 |
any |
Both |
beberapa /
(negatif/pertanyaan) |
Do you
have any sugar? / I don’t have any pens. |
21 |
a lot of |
Both |
banyak |
She has a
lot of clothes and a lot of patience. |
22 |
lots of |
Both |
banyak |
There are lots
of people in the park. |
23 |
enough |
Both |
cukup |
We have enough
chairs and enough water. |
24 |
plenty of |
Both |
banyak
sekali |
We have plenty
of food and plenty of time. |
25 |
some more |
Both |
sedikit
lagi |
Would you
like some more tea? |
26 |
most |
Both |
sebagian
besar |
Most
students like
English. / Most water is clean. |
27 |
all |
Both |
semua |
All books are new.
/ All information is correct. |
28 |
no |
Both |
tidak ada |
No
students were
absent. / No time to waste. |
29 |
enough of |
Both |
cukup dari |
We don’t
have enough of those chairs. |
30 |
half of |
Both |
setengah
dari |
Half of
the apples are
rotten. / Half of the sugar is gone. |
💡 Catatan Pengajaran:
- Gunakan many/few untuk benda yang bisa
dihitung (countable nouns).
- Gunakan much/little untuk benda yang tidak
bisa dihitung (uncountable nouns).
- Gunakan some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty
of, most, all untuk keduanya.
- Dalam kalimat negatif atau tanya, lebih sering
digunakan any dan much.
🗣️ D. Say What You Need and Don’t Need
Useful
Phrases:
- I need some …
- I don’t need any …
- We need a few …
- We don’t have much …
Example
Conversation:
A: Do we need
any eggs?
B: Yes, we need some eggs, but we don’t need any milk.
Practice
Activity:
Siswa menulis daftar belanja mereka sendiri:
“I need some
rice, a few apples, and a bottle of milk. I don’t need any coffee.”
🏪 E. Ask and Say Where Things Are in a Supermarket
Vocabulary:
- aisle (lorong)
- shelf (rak)
- counter (meja kasir)
- basket, trolley, cashier
Expressions:
- Where can I find …?
→ You can find it in the dairy section. - Excuse me, where is the bread?
→ It’s on the top shelf near the drinks.
Example
Dialogue:
Customer: Excuse me,
where can I find the sugar?
Shop assistant: It’s in aisle 3, next to the coffee.
🧠 F.
Exercises
1. Fill in
the blanks:
- I have ___ apples. (some / much)
- There isn’t ___ water left. (many / much)
- We need ___ rice for dinner. (some / a few)
- How ___ bananas do you want? (many / much)
2. Role
Play:
Siswa berpasangan: satu menjadi customer, satu lagi shop assistant.
Gunakan ekspresi “Where is…?”, “I need…”, “Do you have any…?”
🌟 Homework:
Tulis
paragraf pendek tentang belanja mingguanmu.
Contoh:
Every week,
I go to the supermarket with my mother. We buy some vegetables, a few bottles
of milk, and some rice. We don’t buy any snacks because we still have some at
home.
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