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Monday, October 13, 2025

Countable and Uncountable Nouns (Lesson 1)


🧩 Lesson 1: Countable and Uncountable Nouns

🎯 Learning Objectives

Setelah pelajaran ini, siswa dapat:

  • Membedakan countable dan uncountable nouns
  • Menggunakan some, any, a, an, dan much/many dengan benar
  • Mengungkapkan kebutuhan dan lokasi benda di supermarket

 

🗂️ A. Countable Nouns

Definisi: Noun yang bisa dihitung satu per satu.
Contoh:

  • apple → one apple, two apples
  • chair → a chair, three chairs

Ciri-ciri:

  • Dapat memakai a/an atau angka.
  • Dapat berbentuk plural (-s/-es).

Contoh kalimat:

  • I have an apple.
  • She bought three books.

·         Berikut tabel berisi 20 contoh Countable Nouns lengkap dengan bentuk tunggal, jamak, dan contoh kalimatnya 👇

 🗂Countable Nouns (Dapat Dihitung)

No

Singular (Tunggal)

Plural (Jamak)

Example Sentence (Contoh Kalimat)

1

apple

apples

I eat an apple every morning.

2

book

books

She has many books in her room.

3

chair

chairs

There are four chairs in the dining room.

4

car

cars

My father sells cars.

5

dog

dogs

The dogs are barking loudly.

6

pen

pens

I need two pens for my exam.

7

student

students

The students are studying English.

8

teacher

teachers

Our school has five teachers.

9

house

houses

They build new houses every year.

10

table

tables

We bought two tables for the office.

11

cup

cups

She washed three cups after lunch.

12

bag

bags

I have two bags — one for school and one for sports.

13

friend

friends

He has many friends in his class.

14

computer

computers

The computers are in the lab.

15

picture

pictures

There are some pictures on the wall.

16

shoe

shoes

I bought new shoes yesterday.

17

bottle

bottles

We need five bottles of water.

18

coin

coins

He found a few coins under the bed.

19

city

cities

There are many beautiful cities in Europe.

20

child

children

The children are playing in the park.

 

🧂 B. Uncountable Nouns

Definisi: Noun yang tidak bisa dihitung satu per satu karena bentuknya massa, zat, atau konsep.
Contoh:

  • rice, water, sugar, milk, advice, money

Ciri-ciri:

  • Tidak memakai a/an atau angka langsung.
  • Tidak memiliki bentuk jamak.
  • Gunakan kata pengukur (measure words) seperti a bottle of, a cup of, a piece of, dll.

Contoh kalimat:

  • I need some water.
  • There isn’t any sugar in the jar.

Berikut tabel berisi 25 contoh 🧂 Uncountable Nouns lengkap dengan kategori, arti, dan contoh kalimat agar mudah dipahami dan diajarkan 👇


🧂 Uncountable Nouns (Tidak Dapat Dihitung)

No

Uncountable Noun

Kategori

Arti

Example Sentence (Contoh Kalimat)

1

water

liquid

air

I drink a glass of water every morning.

2

rice

food

nasi

We need some rice for dinner.

3

sugar

food

gula

There isn’t any sugar in the jar.

4

milk

liquid

susu

He buys a bottle of milk every day.

5

coffee

drink

kopi

Would you like some coffee?

6

tea

drink

teh

She makes a cup of tea for her guest.

7

bread

food

roti

I had some bread and butter for breakfast.

8

cheese

food

keju

We don’t have much cheese left.

9

butter

food

mentega

Please give me a little butter, please.

10

meat

food

daging

My mother is cooking some meat.

11

money

abstract

uang

I don’t have much money today.

12

advice

abstract

nasihat

He gave me good advice about studying.

13

information

abstract

informasi

Can you give me some information about the event?

14

news

abstract

berita

The news is very surprising.

15

furniture

collective

perabotan

We need new furniture for the living room.

16

luggage

collective

bagasi

The luggage is too heavy for one person.

17

homework

activity

pekerjaan rumah

I have a lot of homework tonight.

18

knowledge

abstract

pengetahuan

Knowledge is more valuable than gold.

19

equipment

collective

perlengkapan

The lab doesn’t have enough equipment.

20

air

substance

udara

We need fresh air in this room.

21

sand

material

pasir

There is a lot of sand on the beach.

22

music

art

musik

I love listening to classical music.

23

traffic

collective

lalu lintas

The traffic is very heavy this morning.

24

weather

natural

cuaca

The weather is nice today.

25

time

abstract

waktu

We don’t have much time left.

 

📝 Catatan pengajaran:

  • Gunakan kata pengukur (measure words) untuk menjelaskan jumlahnya, misalnya:
    • a piece of advice, a bottle of water, a loaf of bread, a cup of tea.
  • Jangan tambahkan -s untuk bentuk jamak.

 

🧮 C. Quantifiers

Untuk Countable

Untuk Uncountable

Keduanya

many, a few, several

much, a little

some, any, a lot of, lots of

Contoh:

  • There are many apples.
  • There is a little milk.
  • Do you have any rice?

Berikut tabel berisi 30 contoh 🧮 Quantifiers — mencakup untuk countable nouns, uncountable nouns, dan yang bisa digunakan untuk keduanya, lengkap dengan arti dan contoh kalimatnya 👇


🧮 C. Quantifiers (Kata Penunjuk Jumlah)

No

Quantifier

Jenis Noun

Arti

Example Sentence (Contoh Kalimat)

1

many

Countable

banyak

There are many books on the shelf.

2

a few

Countable

beberapa

I have a few friends in my class.

3

several

Countable

beberapa

He visited several countries last year.

4

few

Countable

sedikit (tidak banyak)

We have few chairs for all the guests.

5

each

Countable

setiap

Each student has a notebook.

6

every

Countable

setiap

Every car in the parking lot is new.

7

a number of

Countable

sejumlah

A number of people came to the meeting.

8

both

Countable

keduanya

Both students passed the test.

9

many of

Countable

banyak dari

Many of my friends like coffee.

10

a couple of

Countable

dua/beberapa

I bought a couple of pens yesterday.

11

much

Uncountable

banyak

There isn’t much water left.

12

a little

Uncountable

sedikit

I have a little sugar for your tea.

13

little

Uncountable

sangat sedikit

We have little time to finish this work.

14

a great deal of

Uncountable

banyak sekali

He has a great deal of experience.

15

a bit of

Uncountable

sedikit

Can you give me a bit of advice?

16

plenty of

Uncountable

banyak sekali

There is plenty of food for everyone.

17

a large amount of

Uncountable

sejumlah besar

They spent a large amount of money on the project.

18

no

Uncountable

tidak ada

There is no milk in the fridge.

19

some

Both

beberapa / sedikit

I need some apples and some rice.

20

any

Both

beberapa / (negatif/pertanyaan)

Do you have any sugar? / I don’t have any pens.

21

a lot of

Both

banyak

She has a lot of clothes and a lot of patience.

22

lots of

Both

banyak

There are lots of people in the park.

23

enough

Both

cukup

We have enough chairs and enough water.

24

plenty of

Both

banyak sekali

We have plenty of food and plenty of time.

25

some more

Both

sedikit lagi

Would you like some more tea?

26

most

Both

sebagian besar

Most students like English. / Most water is clean.

27

all

Both

semua

All books are new. / All information is correct.

28

no

Both

tidak ada

No students were absent. / No time to waste.

29

enough of

Both

cukup dari

We don’t have enough of those chairs.

30

half of

Both

setengah dari

Half of the apples are rotten. / Half of the sugar is gone.

 

💡 Catatan Pengajaran:

  • Gunakan many/few untuk benda yang bisa dihitung (countable nouns).
  • Gunakan much/little untuk benda yang tidak bisa dihitung (uncountable nouns).
  • Gunakan some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, most, all untuk keduanya.
  • Dalam kalimat negatif atau tanya, lebih sering digunakan any dan much.

 

🗣️ D. Say What You Need and Don’t Need

Useful Phrases:

  • I need some …
  • I don’t need any …
  • We need a few …
  • We don’t have much …

Example Conversation:

A: Do we need any eggs?
B: Yes, we need some eggs, but we don’t need any milk.

Practice Activity:
Siswa menulis daftar belanja mereka sendiri:

“I need some rice, a few apples, and a bottle of milk. I don’t need any coffee.”

 

🏪 E. Ask and Say Where Things Are in a Supermarket

Vocabulary:

  • aisle (lorong)
  • shelf (rak)
  • counter (meja kasir)
  • basket, trolley, cashier

Expressions:

  • Where can I find …?
    → You can find it in the dairy section.
  • Excuse me, where is the bread?
    → It’s on the top shelf near the drinks.

Example Dialogue:

Customer: Excuse me, where can I find the sugar?
Shop assistant: It’s in aisle 3, next to the coffee.

 

🧠 F. Exercises

1. Fill in the blanks:

  1. I have ___ apples. (some / much)
  2. There isn’t ___ water left. (many / much)
  3. We need ___ rice for dinner. (some / a few)
  4. How ___ bananas do you want? (many / much)

2. Role Play:
Siswa berpasangan: satu menjadi customer, satu lagi shop assistant.
Gunakan ekspresi “Where is…?”, “I need…”, “Do you have any…?”

 

🌟 Homework:

Tulis paragraf pendek tentang belanja mingguanmu.
Contoh:

Every week, I go to the supermarket with my mother. We buy some vegetables, a few bottles of milk, and some rice. We don’t buy any snacks because we still have some at home.


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