Panduan Menulis Cerita Pendek Berdasarkan Pengalaman Masa Lalu
(Indonesian–English Parallel
Explanation)
Menulis cerita pendek (short story) merupakan salah satu keterampilan penting dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris, terutama untuk melatih writing skill, grammar, dan storytelling ability secara terpadu. Pada level dasar hingga menengah, topik yang paling mudah dan relevan adalah past experience (pengalaman masa lalu), karena dekat dengan kehidupan siswa dan menggunakan Simple Past Tense.
Artikel ini akan membahas Short
Story Writing (Past Experience) secara lengkap,
sistematis, dan mudah dipahami, disertai penjelasan
paralel Bahasa Indonesia–Inggris, contoh, latihan, dan kerangka
penulisan yang bisa langsung digunakan oleh siswa.
| Talking About the Past: English Learning Book | CV. Cemerlang Publishing (cvcemerlangpublishing.com) |
🎯 Tujuan Pembelajaran |
Learning Objectives
Bahasa Indonesia
Setelah mempelajari materi ini, siswa
diharapkan mampu:
1.
Memahami pengertian short story
2.
Mengetahui struktur dasar cerita pendek
3.
Menggunakan kosakata dan ekspresi yang tepat
untuk pengalaman masa lalu
4.
Menulis cerita pendek sederhana menggunakan
Simple Past Tense
5.
Menyusun kerangka cerita sebelum menulis
English
After studying this lesson, students will be
able to:
1.
Understand what a short story is
2.
Identify the basic structure of a short story
3.
Use appropriate vocabulary and expressions for
past experiences
4.
Write a simple short story using the Simple Past
Tense
5.
Create a writing outline before writing a story
🧠 1. Apa Itu Short Story?
What Is a Short Story?
Bahasa Indonesia
Short story (cerita pendek)
adalah karya tulis naratif yang menceritakan suatu peristiwa atau pengalaman
secara singkat, fokus, dan jelas. Cerita pendek biasanya:
·
Memiliki satu konflik utama
·
Jumlah tokoh terbatas
·
Dapat dibaca dalam waktu singkat
Dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris, short story
sering digunakan untuk melatih:
·
Grammar (terutama past tense)
·
Vocabulary
·
Coherence dan cohesion
English
A short story is a
short narrative text that tells an event or experience in a clear and focused
way. A short story usually:
·
Has one main conflict
·
Uses a limited number of characters
·
Can be read in a short time
In English learning, short stories help
students practice:
·
Grammar (especially past tense)
·
Vocabulary
·
Coherence and cohesion
🧱 2. Struktur Cerita Pendek
Structure of a Short Story
Untuk pemula, struktur cerita pendek dapat
disederhanakan menjadi tiga bagian utama.
A. Orientation (Pengenalan)
Bahasa Indonesia:
Bagian ini memperkenalkan tokoh, waktu, dan tempat kejadian.
English:
This part introduces the characters, time, and setting.
📌 Contoh:
·
Last year, I went to my grandmother’s
house.
B. Events / Complication (Rangkaian
Peristiwa)
Bahasa Indonesia:
Bagian ini menceritakan kejadian utama atau masalah yang dialami tokoh.
English:
This part tells the main events or problems experienced by the character.
📌 Contoh:
·
I got lost when I went to the
traditional market.
C. Resolution (Penyelesaian)
Bahasa Indonesia:
Bagian ini menjelaskan bagaimana masalah diselesaikan atau bagaimana cerita
berakhir.
English:
This part explains how the problem is solved or how the story ends.
📌 Contoh:
·
Finally, my uncle found me and took
me home.
📘 3. Contoh Kosakata
& Ekspresi
Vocabulary and Expressions for Past
Experience
|
English
Expression |
Bahasa
Indonesia |
|
last year |
tahun lalu |
|
yesterday |
kemarin |
|
two days ago |
dua hari yang
lalu |
|
at that time |
pada waktu itu |
|
suddenly |
tiba-tiba |
|
finally |
akhirnya |
|
I felt |
saya merasa |
|
I was very
happy |
saya sangat senang |
|
I was scared |
saya merasa
takut |
📌 Catatan Penting:
Kosakata waktu lampau sangat penting untuk
menunjukkan bahwa cerita terjadi di masa lalu.
✍️ 4. Contoh Cerita Pendek Sederhana
Sample Short Story (Past Experience)
English Version
My Unforgettable Experience
Last year, I had an unforgettable experience
when I visited my grandmother’s village. At that time, I was still in junior
high school.
One morning, my cousin invited me to go to the
river near the village. We walked together and talked happily. Suddenly, the
rain started to fall heavily. We ran, but the road was very slippery, and I
fell down. I felt scared and my leg hurt.
Finally, my cousin helped me stand up and took
me back to my grandmother’s house. Although it was a scary moment, I learned to
be more careful. I will never forget that day.
Versi Bahasa Indonesia (Penjelasan)
Cerita di atas:
·
Menggunakan Simple Past
Tense
·
Menggunakan ekspresi waktu: last year, one
morning, suddenly, finally
·
Memiliki struktur lengkap: orientation – events
– resolution
🔉 5. Pelafalan Beberapa Kata Kunci
(IPA)
|
Word |
IPA |
Catatan |
|
experience |
/ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ |
tekanan di
suku kata kedua |
|
unforgettable |
/ˌʌnfəˈɡetəbl/ |
perhatikan bunyi -get- |
|
suddenly |
/ˈsʌdənli/ |
d
tidak dibaca jelas |
|
finally |
/ˈfaɪnəli/ |
ly dibaca /li/ |
|
scared |
/skeəd/ |
-ed
dibaca /d/ |
📌 Tips:
·
Latih membaca cerita dengan suara keras
·
Perhatikan pengucapan verb bentuk
lampau (-ed)
📝 6. Latihan Siswa |
Student Exercises
A. Lengkapi Kalimat
1.
Last week, I ___ (visit) my old friend.
2.
Yesterday, we ___ (play) football together.
Answers:
1.
visited
2.
played
B. Susun Kalimat Menjadi Cerita Pendek
1.
I felt very happy
2.
last year
3.
I won a competition
Sample Answer:
Last year, I won a competition. I felt very
happy.
C. Jawab Pertanyaan Singkat
1.
What did you do last weekend?
2.
Where did you go last holiday?
(Siswa menjawab dengan 2–3 kalimat menggunakan
past tense.)
🎨 7. Kerangka Penulisan
yang Bisa Digunakan Siswa
Simple Writing Outline for Students
Gunakan kerangka berikut sebelum menulis
cerita:
A. Orientation
·
When did it happen?
·
Where did it happen?
·
Who was involved?
📌 Example:
Last month, I went to
the beach with my family.
B. Events
·
What happened first?
·
What problem did you face?
·
How did you feel?
📌 Example:
Suddenly, I lost my
wallet and felt very worried.
C. Resolution
·
How did the story end?
·
What did you learn?
📌 Example:
Finally, I found my
wallet and learned to be more careful.
📝 Penutup | Conclusion
Bahasa Indonesia
Menulis short story berdasarkan pengalaman
masa lalu adalah cara efektif untuk melatih kemampuan menulis
Bahasa Inggris. Dengan memahami struktur cerita, menggunakan kosakata yang
tepat, dan menerapkan Simple Past Tense, siswa dapat menulis cerita yang
runtut, jelas, dan bermakna.
English
Writing a short story
based on past experience is an effective way to improve English
writing skills. By understanding story structure, using appropriate vocabulary,
and applying the Simple Past Tense, students can write clear, coherent, and
meaningful stories.
📌 Artikel
ini cocok untuk siswa SMP–SMA, mahasiswa, dan guru Bahasa Inggris.

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