SIMPLE PAST TENSE (REGULAR & IRREGULAR VERBS)

Panduan Lengkap Tata Bahasa Inggris untuk Pemula

(With Indonesian–English Parallel Explanation)

Dalam belajar Bahasa Inggris, salah satu tenses paling penting yang wajib dikuasai adalah Simple Past Tense. Tense ini digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian yang sudah terjadi di masa lampau, baik itu pengalaman, peristiwa, maupun aktivitas sehari-hari.

Artikel ini membahas Simple Past Tense (Regular & Irregular Verbs) secara lengkap, sistematis,  dengan penjelasan paralel Bahasa Indonesia–Inggris, sehingga cocok untuk siswa, mahasiswa, guru, dan pembelajar mandiri.

 

Talking About the Past: English Learning Book | CV. Cemerlang Publishing (cvcemerlangpublishing.com)

🔹 1. Tujuan Pembelajaran | Learning Objectives

Bahasa Indonesia

Setelah mempelajari materi ini, pembaca diharapkan mampu:

1. Memahami konsep Simple Past Tense
2. Membedakan regular verbs dan irregular verbs
3. Menggunakan kata kerja bentuk lampau dengan benar
4. Mengidentifikasi penanda waktu lampau
5. Mengerjakan latihan Simple Past Tense secara tepat

English

After studying this lesson, learners will be able to:

1. Understand the concept of Simple Past Tense
2. Distinguish between regular and irregular verbs
3. Use past verb forms correctly
4. Identify time expressions for past events
5. Complete Simple Past Tense exercises accurately

 

🔹 2. Pengertian Simple Past Tense

What Is Simple Past Tense?

Bahasa Indonesia

Simple Past Tense adalah bentuk kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan:

• Kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau
• Peristiwa yang sudah selesai
• Aktivitas yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lalu

Ciri utama Simple Past Tense:

• Menggunakan Verb 2 (past form)
• Disertai keterangan waktu lampau

English

Simple Past Tense is used to express:

• Actions that happened in the past
• Events that are already finished
• Activities that occurred at a specific time in the past

Main characteristics:

• Uses Verb 2 (past form)
• Often includes past time expressions

📌 Contoh:

• I studied English yesterday.
  → Saya belajar Bahasa Inggris kemarin.

 

🔹 3. Regular Verbs

Bahasa Indonesia

Regular verbs adalah kata kerja yang membentuk bentuk lampau dengan menambahkan -ed atau -d di akhir kata kerja.

English

Regular verbs are verbs that form the past tense by adding -ed or -d to the base form.

 

🧩 Pola Regular Verbs

Verb 1	Verb 2
play	played
work	worked
clean	cleaned
study	studied
visit	visited

📌 Catatan Penting (Spelling Rules):

• Verb berakhiran -e → tambah -d
  live → lived
• Verb berakhiran -y → y berubah jadi -ied
  study → studied

 

Contoh Kalimat Regular Verbs | Example Sentences

1. I played football yesterday.
   → Saya bermain sepak bola kemarin.
2. She studied English last night.
   → Dia belajar Bahasa Inggris tadi malam.
3. They visited their grandmother last week.
   → Mereka mengunjungi neneknya minggu lalu.

 

🔹 4. Irregular Verbs

Bahasa Indonesia

Irregular verbs adalah kata kerja yang tidak mengikuti pola -ed. Bentuk Verb 2 harus dihafalkan karena berubah secara tidak beraturan.

English

Irregular verbs are verbs that do not follow the -ed pattern. Their past forms must be memorized.

 

Contoh Irregular Verbs Umum

Verb 1	Verb 2
go	went
eat	ate
see	saw
take	took
come	came
buy	bought
do	did

 

Contoh Kalimat Irregular Verbs | Example Sentences

1. I went to school yesterday.
   → Saya pergi ke sekolah kemarin.
2. She ate breakfast early.
   → Dia sarapan lebih awal.
3. We saw a movie last night.
   → Kami menonton film tadi malam.

📌 Tips:
Irregular verbs tidak bisa ditebak, jadi harus sering dilatih dan dihafalkan.

 

🔹 5. Time Expressions (Penanda Waktu Lampau)

Bahasa Indonesia

Simple Past Tense biasanya disertai keterangan waktu lampau, seperti:

• yesterday (kemarin)
• last night (tadi malam)
• last week (minggu lalu)
• two days ago (dua hari yang lalu)
• in 2020
• when I was a child

English

Common time expressions in Simple Past Tense include:

• yesterday
• last night / last week / last year
• ago
• in + past year
• when + past clause

📌 Contoh:

• I met him two days ago.
• She lived in Jakarta in 2018.

 

🔹 6. Latihan Siswa | Student Exercises

A. Choose the Correct Verb Form

1. I ___ (go / went) to the market yesterday.
2. She ___ (study / studied) English last night.
3. We ___ (eat / ate) lunch at 12 p.m.

Answers:

1. went
2. studied
3. ate

 

B. Change the Verbs into Past Form

1. play → ______
2. see → ______
3. clean → ______
4. take → ______

Answers:

1. played
2. saw
3. cleaned
4. took

 

C. Make Sentences Using Simple Past Tense

1. (I / visit / my friend / last week)
2. (She / buy / a new bag / yesterday)

Sample Answers:

1. I visited my friend last week.
2. She bought a new bag yesterday.

 

D. Translate into English

1. Saya belajar tadi malam.
2. Mereka pergi ke pantai minggu lalu.
3. Dia melihat gurunya kemarin.

Sample Answers:

1. I studied last night.
2. They went to the beach last week.
3. He / She saw his / her teacher yesterday.

 

🔹 7. Penutup: Kesimpulan | Conclusion

Bahasa Indonesia

Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian di masa lampau. Pemahaman tentang regular verbs dan irregular verbs sangat penting agar tidak salah menggunakan bentuk kata kerja. Dengan latihan rutin, Simple Past Tense akan menjadi mudah dan alami digunakan dalam percakapan maupun tulisan.

English

Simple Past Tense is used to talk about past events. Understanding regular and irregular verbs is essential to avoid grammatical errors. With consistent practice, using Simple Past Tense will become easy and natural in both speaking and writing.

 

📌 Terus ikuti artikel terbaru di blog “Belajar Bahasa Inggris” untuk meningkatkan grammar, vocabulary, reading, dan writing secara bertahap dan terstruktur.