LESSON 14 It Was Given to Me Over Forty Years Ago

 

LESSON 14

It Was Given to Me Over Forty Years Ago 

YOU will KNOW HOW TO

• Use the past passive

YOU will KNOW 30 NEW WORDS

 

Introduction

Pendahuluan

In this lesson, you will learn how to use the past passive in English. The passive voice is used when we want to focus on the action rather than the person who did the action. In Lesson 13, you learned the present passive. Now, you will learn how to use the past passive.
Dalam pelajaran ini, Anda akan belajar bagaimana menggunakan past passive dalam bahasa Inggris. Kalimat pasif digunakan ketika kita ingin fokus pada aksi daripada orang yang melakukan aksi. Pada Lesson 13, Anda telah mempelajari present passive. Sekarang, Anda akan belajar menggunakan past passive.

Look at this example:
Perhatikan contoh berikut:

It was given to me over forty years ago.
Itu diberikan kepada saya lebih dari empat puluh tahun yang lalu.

In this sentence, we focus on the object, not the person who gave it.
Dalam kalimat ini, kita fokus pada benda, bukan orang yang memberikannya.

 

1. What Is Past Passive?

1. Apa Itu Past Passive?

The past passive is used to describe actions that happened in the past.
Past passive digunakan untuk menggambarkan aksi yang terjadi di masa lalu.

Structure:
Struktur:

Subject + was / were + past participle

Examples:
Contoh:

The letter was sent yesterday.
Surat itu dikirim kemarin.

The room was cleaned this morning.
Ruangan itu dibersihkan pagi ini.

The food was prepared earlier.
Makanan disiapkan lebih awal.

The report was finished last night.
Laporan diselesaikan tadi malam.

 

2. Singular and Plural

2. Tunggal dan Jamak

Use was for singular subjects.
Gunakan was untuk subjek tunggal.

The book was written.
Buku itu ditulis.

The car was repaired.
Mobil itu diperbaiki.

Use were for plural subjects.
Gunakan were untuk subjek jamak.

The books were written.
Buku-buku itu ditulis.

The cars were repaired.
Mobil-mobil itu diperbaiki.

 

3. It Was Given to Me Over Forty Years Ago

3. Itu Diberikan Kepada Saya Lebih Dari Empat Puluh Tahun Lalu

Example Conversation:
Contoh Percakapan:

A: That's a beautiful watch.
A: Itu jam tangan yang indah.

B: Thank you. It was given to me over forty years ago.
B: Terima kasih. Itu diberikan kepada saya lebih dari empat puluh tahun yang lalu.

A: Who gave it to you?
A: Siapa yang memberikannya?

B: It was given to me by my grandfather.
B: Itu diberikan kepada saya oleh kakek saya.

This conversation shows how past passive is used in real life.
Percakapan ini menunjukkan bagaimana past passive digunakan dalam kehidupan nyata.

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4. More Examples of Past Passive

4. Contoh Tambahan Past Passive

The letter was delivered yesterday.
Surat itu dikirim kemarin.

The meeting was canceled.
Rapat dibatalkan.

The house was built in 1990.
Rumah itu dibangun pada tahun 1990.

The movie was released last year.
Film itu dirilis tahun lalu.

The phone was repaired yesterday.
Ponsel diperbaiki kemarin.

The project was completed last week.
Proyek diselesaikan minggu lalu.

 

5. Negative Past Passive

5. Past Passive Negatif

To make negative sentences, add not after was / were.
Untuk membuat kalimat negatif, tambahkan not setelah was / were.

Structure:
Struktur:

Subject + was / were + not + past participle

Examples:
Contoh:

The letter was not sent.
Surat tidak dikirim.

The meeting was not canceled.
Rapat tidak dibatalkan.

The room was not cleaned.
Ruangan tidak dibersihkan.

The report was not finished.
Laporan tidak selesai.

The food was not prepared.
Makanan tidak disiapkan.

 

6. Past Passive Questions

6. Pertanyaan Past Passive

We can also ask questions using past passive.
Kita juga dapat membuat pertanyaan menggunakan past passive.

Structure:
Struktur:

Was / Were + subject + past participle?

Examples:
Contoh:

Was the letter sent?
Apakah surat dikirim?

Was the report finished?
Apakah laporan selesai?

Were the rooms cleaned?
Apakah ruangan dibersihkan?

Were the invitations delivered?
Apakah undangan dikirim?

 

7. Example Conversation

7. Contoh Percakapan

A: Was the meeting canceled?
A: Apakah rapat dibatalkan?

B: Yes, it was canceled yesterday.
B: Ya, dibatalkan kemarin.

A: Was the report finished?
A: Apakah laporan selesai?

B: No, it wasn't finished.
B: Tidak, belum selesai.

A: Were the invitations sent?
A: Apakah undangan dikirim?

B: Yes, they were sent this morning.
B: Ya, dikirim pagi ini.

 

8. Practice Exercise

8. Latihan

Fill in the blanks:
Isi bagian kosong:

1. The letter ______ sent yesterday.
2. The room ______ cleaned this morning.
3. The report ______ finished last night.
4. The meeting ______ canceled.
5. The food ______ prepared.

Answers:
Jawaban:

1. was
2. was
3. was
4. was
5. was

 

9. 30 New Words

9. 30 Kosakata Baru

English	Indonesian
given	diberikan
built	dibangun
sent	dikirim
delivered	disampaikan
repaired	diperbaiki
completed	diselesaikan
canceled	dibatalkan
released	dirilis
written	ditulis
prepared	disiapkan
cleaned	dibersihkan
finished	selesai
bought	dibeli
sold	dijual
made	dibuat
found	ditemukan
opened	dibuka
closed	ditutup
invited	diundang
organized	diatur
planned	direncanakan
started	dimulai
stopped	dihentikan
built	dibangun
designed	dirancang
painted	dicat
created	dibuat
fixed	diperbaiki
produced	diproduksi
delivered	dikirim

 

10. Speaking Practice

10. Latihan Berbicara

Practice these sentences:
Latih kalimat berikut:

It was given to me.
Itu diberikan kepada saya.

The letter was sent.
Surat dikirim.

The room was cleaned.
Ruangan dibersihkan.

The meeting was canceled.
Rapat dibatalkan.

Practice every day to improve your English skills.
Latih setiap hari untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa Inggris Anda.

 

11. Summary

11. Ringkasan

In this lesson, you learned:
Dalam pelajaran ini, Anda belajar:

• Past passive
• Past passive
• Negative past passive
• Past passive negatif
• Past passive questions
• Pertanyaan past passive
• 30 new vocabulary words
• 30 kosakata baru

Now you can use the past passive in conversation.
Sekarang Anda dapat menggunakan past passive dalam percakapan.

Excellent work! Continue to Lesson 15. 🚀
Kerja bagus! Lanjutkan ke Lesson 15. 🚀

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